陈艳红
成都石室中学初中学校,成都 610000
摘 要:新课程标准的基本理念提出要改变地理的学习方式、构建开放式地理课程,并学习对生活有用的地理。而乡土地理教学是中学地理教学的重要组成部分,在实现中学地理教学目的中起着不可替代的作用。在教学中通过多途径、多方式、多内容、多层次的实践活动,让中学生直接感知家乡的地理环境,实现从感性认识到理性认识。在中学地理教学过程中,应当紧密联系当地实际,把地理知识与当地实际结合起来,引导学生学以致用,从而提高学生学习地理的兴趣,增强学生的综合素质。
关键词:乡土地理;初中;教学;新课标
New Curriculum of Local Geography into the Classroom Teaching of the Junior High School
CHEN Yanhong
Abstract: The basic idea of the new curriculum standards proposed to change the geography of learning, construct an open geography course, and learn useful life geography. The local geography teaching is teaching high school geography an important part in achieving the purpose of geography teaching plays an irreplaceable role. In teaching through a multi-channel, multi-mode,multi-content, multi-level practice to allow students direct perception of home and location, from a perceptual knowledge to rational knowledge. The process of teaching geography in secondary schools, local conditions should be closely linked to the geographical knowledge and local realities, to guide students to apply their knowledge to enhance student interest in learning geography, and enhance the overall quality of students.
Key words:Local geography;Junior high school;Teaching;New Standard
1研究意义
1.1乡土地理与乡土地理教学的含义
“乡土”一词,按《辞海》的解释,是指“家乡、故土”,“亦泛指地方”[1]。作为组成中学地理学科内容一部分的乡土地理应包括多大范围呢?根据国家教委制定的《全日制中学地理教学大纲》的规定:乡土地理限于本县(市)地理。也就是说,乡土地理指中学生所在县市的自然地理和人文地理概况。其中自然地理主要包括:地形(平原、高原、山地、丘陵、盆地)、气候、水文(降水量、河流的大小、多少、流量、走向等)等。人文地理主要包括:经济发展状况、资源的种类及利用效率、交通状况、人口的多少、民族、环境的好坏等。
乡土地理教学是用乡土地理知识培养教育中学生的教学活动。它是中学地理教学的重要组成部分,在实现中学地理教学目的中起着不可替代的作用。乡土地理教学具有很